The Important Function of Metal Stamping Dies

Metal stamping dies are the devices used in metal stamping machines. Each metal stamping machine can have one or more than one dies depending on the kind of machine. Dies are the main components in metal stamping machines that do the actual casting, punching, cutting and shaping of the metal sheet.

The basic die operations are drawing, shearing and bending. In metal stamping, the metal sheets are placed in a die or a press tool which has a specially designed cavity that gives the preferred shape to the metal sheet. The upper part of the die connects to the press slide while the lower component connects to the press bed. A specific component known as the punch pushes the metal sheet through the die, thus performing the actual shaping operation. The patterns on the dies can be used to emboss or give three-dimensional lettering on the final product.

Dies are placed in sheet metal panels either alone or as a series of presses in a press line. Metal stamping dies and presses can have different input variables on the bases of tonnage, press parallelism, shut height, nitrogen pressure in dies, counterbalance pressure and press speed. These variables can influence the quality of the stamping panel, particularly during die setup. The same stamping press can be reused by replacing one set of dies with another.

The placement of dies in a press is known as die setup. Die setup decides the shut height and binder force. The number of components produced in a die setup is known as a batch.

There are many different kinds of dies such as single station dies, multiple station dies, compound dies, progressive dies and tandem press lines. Most dies are designed by the metal stamping companies who use advanced technologies like CAD to design them according to customer specifications. Another classification of dies is draw dies, trim dies and cam-pierce dies.